Pengertian Pasar Menurut Para Ahli Ekonomi Dunia

Arti pasar secara umum merupakan tempat kita melakukan transaksi dagang baik itu produk maupun jasa. Tempat yang mana mempertemukan penjual dan pembeli, yang mana ada yang terbeli dan ada yang terjual. Tempat yang mana ada rugi dan untung. Itulah pasar secara umum, tetapi apa Pengertian Pasar Menurut Para Ahli Ekonomi ?

Pengertian Pasar Menurut Para Ahli

Pengertian Pasar Menurut Para Ahli

Pasar Menurut Kotler dan Amstrong (1999)

Pasar adalah seperangkat pembeli aktual dan potensial dari sebuah produk atau jasa. Ukuran dari pasar sendiri tergantung pada jumlah orang yang menunjukan kebutuhan, memiliki kemampuan dalam pertukaran. 

Banyak pemasar memandang penjual sebagai industri dan pembeli sebagai pasar, yang mana penjual mengirimkan produk dan jasa yang mereka produksi dan mengkomunikasikan atau menyampaikannya kepada pasar; sebagai gantinya, mereka akan menerima uang dan informasi dari pasar (Kotler dan Amstrong ,1999).

Baca Juga: Pasar Konsumen dan 4 Faktor Pembelian

Pasar Menurut Handri Ma’aruf (2005)

Menurut Handri Ma’aruf (2005) kata “pasar” memiliki tiga pengertian, yaitu:

  • Pertama, Pasar dalam arti “tempat”, yaitu tempat bertemunya para penjual atau produsen dengan pembeli atau konsumen.
  • Kedua, Pasar dalam arti “interaksi permintaan dan penawaran”, yaitu pasar sebagai tempat terjadinya transaksi jual beli. 
  • Ketiga, Pasar dalam arti “sekelompok anggota masyarakat yang memiliki kebutuhan dan daya beli“. Pengertian ini merujuk pada dua hal, yaitu kebutuhan dan daya beli. Jadi pasar adalah orang-orang yang menginginkan sesuatu barang atau jasa dan memiliki kemampuan untuk membeli.
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Pasar Menurut Kamus Umum Bahasa Indonesia

Pengertian pasar berdasarkan ”Kamus Umum Bahasa Indonesia”, ada beberapa, antara lain:

  1. Tempat orang berjual-beli; pekan, tempat berjual beli yang diadakan oleh perkumpulan dan sebagainya dengan maksud mencari derma. 
  2. Tempat berbagai pertunjukan yang diadakan malam hari untuk beberapa hari lamanya.

Pasar Menurut Dr. Winardi, S.E

Menurut Dr. Winardi, S.E. pasar dapat diartikan sebagai berikut:

  1. Pasar adalah tempat di mana pembeli dan penjual barang tertentu berhubungan satu sama lain dan di mana terjadi hubungan tukar menukar.
  2. Merupakan daerah perniagaan.
  3. Pasar adalah sekelompok pernbeli tertentu.
  4. Pasar adalah pembeli serta penjual barang tertentu.

Pengertian pasar dari sudut pandang subjek yang berhubungan dengan pasar. Bagi seorang konsumen, pasar merupakan tempat untuk memperoleh barang dan jasa yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhannya.

Setiap konsumen yang datang ke pasar memiliki tujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya setelah melakukan proses tawar menawar harga sampai pada akhirnya konsumen menyetujui harga dan jumlah barang dalam transaksinya.

Pasar bagi seorang produsen merupakan tempat untuk menawarkan barang dan jasa hasil produksinya. Produsen dapat menawarkan barang dan jasa tersebut melalui proses interaksi dengan konsumen sampai pada akhimya terjadi kesepakatan dengan konsumen mengenai harga dan jumlah barang dan jasa yang diperdagangkan.

Dari pengertian pasar antara konsumen dengan produsen, maka pasar dapat diartikan sebagai mekanisme yang mempertemukan konsumen (pembeli) dan produsen (penjual) sehingga dapat terjadi interaksi untuk mencapai kesepakatan harga jual atas barang dan jasa yang diperdagangkan.

Itulah Pengertian Pasar Menurut Para Ahli Ekonomi yang wajib kita ketahui.

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